Twenty products absent from the shelves of the pharmacy on the first day of the week. This is the situation that a small pharmacy owner in the fifteenth arrondissement of Paris, a few days of the summer closure of his pharmacy. An almost normal, and shared by many of his colleagues. These problems of supply disruptions, the pharmaceutical companies (LEEM) have also identified a few months. Front-line antiretroviral drugs (treatments against AIDS), insulin, or steroids. In some small pharmacies, such as supply disruptions related antidepressants and vaccines.
"The mountain of pharmacies in these areas have alerted us, says we in the trade association of the drug industry, because in general, breaks off and still found the result of bad weather, or social movements. " This was not necessarily the case in recent months."For some specific drugs, including antiretrovirals, there is a significant difference between the amounts made available to the distribution channel for businesses, and far below the number of units issued by the city pharmacies" confirms the organization.
In this case, then those products which go missing? According to Leem, some drugs would be captured by "short liners," the new intermediate appeared recently (4-5 years), whose intervention "aims to capture the margins, and do not have to Unlike the traditional players, a culture of health professionals ", warns Leem.And the controversy grew about the possible disruptive effect that these new players would result in the drug market.
Introduction of quotas
These new entrants are currently only 2.5% of the market for thirty entities in competition with wholesale distributors, who are the traditional intermediaries between laboratories and the approximately 23,000 French owners of pharmacies. "This is especially true for drugs produced and distributed in small quantities, such as antiretroviral (ARV) where their intervention significantly affects the fluidity of the market, says Emmanuel Déchin, general secretary of the Chambre Syndicale in the pharmaceutical distribution (CSRP) , which comprises seven members, representing 97% of the French market."We know that none of these ARV box which is sold is intended for the French market.".
In addition, since the early 2000s in France, every distribution is given by pharmaceutical companies, quotas based on national market share. "We understand the concern of an economic actor such as a laboratory to better control the flow of production, Emmanuel Déchin tempers. But it also induces more rigid and can penalize us and expose us to break. " Today, about 600 drugs on the 5300 allowed the French market are subject to these quotas. And strong demand in France for some products, lead to regular stock-outs on nearly 270 specialties, according to the Union of pharmacists (USPO) payday loan lenders.
Also advancing to explain that some pharmaceutical giants, if dispatchers do not hesitate to reserve a portion of their stocks of the more "lucrative". Indeed, patented products still sell for an average of three to five times more expensive in the U.S. than in France. And even within the European Union, large disparities persist. On average, the products can be sold 20% more expensive in Germany than in France, while in Spain, prices are generally lower than 10%. "I do not honestly believe that a laboratory, despite its economic imperatives, can do this type of arbitrage to the detriment of the health of patients' tempers Déchin Emmanuel.
The health minister is prepared to legislate
For his part, and face these charges, the Health Minister Xavier Bertrand was firm: "These systems are known to parallel importation, but I do not want that.What is planned for France should be consumed in France, "he said on Europe 1 radio on Tuesday. He was prepared to legislate if laboratories and wholesalers did not meet their obligations, "or you meet your quota, or I will oblige with a new text, he said. It's a shame to come here but I will not hesitate one second to do so. "
Therefore, to overcome these difficulties, some small pharmacists have no choice but to defeat the usual, explains that another pharmacist in a small pharmacy (800,000 euros of annual turnover): "either we manage with co-major pharmacies that are generally better off than us, or we go directly to the laboratory control. But this can only be temporary, because of course we pay more than the wholesaler! ".For two or three years, the pharmacist admitted being increasingly confronted with such situations, including antiretrovirals and cancer. Clearly, treatments that can not wait. Troubleshooting
Faced with this shortage, Leem and the French Agency for Safety of Health Products (AFSSAPS) have set up emergency solutions (stocks troubleshooting, short circuit …) and special issues to avoid the maximum out-of treatment for patients. A temporary workaround, which can not do without an in-depth study of the new challenges of the French system of drug distribution. What the Department of Competition and Fraud (DGCCRF) seems to be addressing.
In turn, dispatchers did not call for the abolition of quotas, nor to that of intra-EU trade, but felt that the resolution of this issue "very complex" pass through "pragmatism and a sense of responsibility on the part of all actors in the chain, given the economic pressure to which they are subjected. "
ALSO READ:
"Drugs: 27.5 billion euros in sales in 2010
"Decline unprecedented number of pharmacists in 2010
"Nearly a pharmacy in the red 2
"Pharmacies open discomfort
What are the consequences of a decline in the rating "AAA" American? The risk increases after a prolonged disagreement between Republicans and Democrats on the management of U.S. debt. The problem may seem far from the concerns of citizens, but U.S. President Barack Obama warned, "If we lose the AAA, everyone will pay more taxes. This will cause a rise in interest rates, which would have the same effect as raising taxes on all Americans. "And to raise the specter of rising rates of car loans on credit cards and in real estate.
Banks lend to their clients because at rates directly correlated to the performance of bonds. However, the higher the rating of a country, the lower the rates at which it must borrow increases.According to rating agency Standard & Poor's, the loss of "AAA" could cost between 0.25 and 0.5% growth rate in the United States. Analysis challenged by some economists, who point out that Japan, after seeing his note deteriorated in the early 2000s, had seen the contrary interest rates fall.
"Zero risk"
Still, never in the history of the United States has lost their prestigious note, despite a technical default part in 1979 (a few dates could not be met on time). It symbolized far "zero risk" to markets, which could buy U.S. debt with the confidence of being repaid.
A decline in the note, a real paradigm shift, "would affect the actions and change," warns Ciaran O'Hagan, strategist at Societe Generale. How much? Hard to say.The United States never lost their prestigious note, "the unprecedented nature of this reduction makes it difficult to determine all the ramifications of the financial markets and the economy," says agency Fitch.
Thus, it is not clear that the long-term investors seeking safe investments are fleeing the U.S. Treasury. For example, foreign central banks, which own 33% of U.S. debt, will not sell their shares, say analysts surveyed after UBS interested. According to Fitch, the Treasury will keep the short and medium term "their status as reference for interest rate markets."Clearly, there will be no widespread panic in the market for U.S. debt.
More than a threat to the United States themselves, "noted a deterioration in the U.S. crystallize the challenges for all developed countries, probably by opening the way for the degradation of other countries," says Jean- Baptiste Pethe, Exane BNP Paribas. If the U.S. lose their "AAA", France and the UK may well follow. The United States could then argue them, as Secretary of the Treasury Nixon had done about the dollar, "it is our rating, but your problem".
ALSO READ:
"Three scenarios around the U.S. debt
"Debt: the U.S. economy worries
Marc-Olivier Fogiel left mid-February morning of the orders of a Europe that was in September 2008. At 42, he will find at the back of the antenna M6 where he had led the program "everyone to stop you sleeping."
The FIGARO. -You will return to television with a project to M6. What will this new appointment in September?
Marc-Olivier Fogiel – It will be a weekly news magazine providing an update on current events that marked the week with those who make it. If I had to make a comparison, I would say it resembles the concept of the Sunday Journal, a daily newspaper published once a week and often the event. M6 has already emblematic of news magazines and reports of investigation, we want a news program, interviews with no frills and away from the talk-show atmosphere.It will be the opposite of an issue since zapping will be based on in-depth interviews. Thus there will be no more than three guests. They will live on the channel just as was the case for "7 of 7" or "The moment of truth." Moreover, this one-hour program on Sunday at noon.
On this market, competition from other channels is tough …
It is tough but not insurmountable. Of course, we have to create an appointment for a check and content that do not exist today on M6. But if there was no issue, it would not be worth the trouble to launch this new program.To me being able to meet weekly casting and the best to become the M6, like other chains, a place where those with expressed wish in the news.
When you leave the morning of a Europe in February, many gave you leaving for the public service?
He never discussed or near or far. The only contacts I have had were with the news channels free DTT. To redo the TV, it was essential that it be consistent with what I have begun in recent years and therefore in the wake of the info. I admit that it was not easy to match a weekly basis with the passion of the "hard news". What was more, was returning to M6.When I left three years ago, there was a tacit agreement with this system, I've known for twenty years, talk with their leaders if I wanted to remake the TV.
On the occasion of this new project, you again become producer?
Not at all. When I came to Europe 1, I closed my news agencies and production Paf Paf Press and Prod. It seemed important to enroll in the drafting of the radio, as it is clear to me now to work with that of M6. For me the best way to participate in writing the History Channel and be somewhat in the same "juice" that the teams in place.
However, give yourself projects that you started with Matthew Pigasse?
Instead, we move forward. At that time, I become entrepreneur! But at this point we're still thinking.A reflection not only conducted but also Pigasse Matthew David Kessler, who directs Les Inrockuptibles. I stay in the same vein, that of the info. The idea is to propose a new offer but this time on digital. We would like to launch in 2012. If we had originally planned to create a newspaper on the shelves, now we want to expand our project to all digital. We're a team and especially to think about the business model.
ALSO READ:
"Fogiel why I left Europe a
Tunisia this week, Morocco in a few days: Eric Besson, Minister of Industry, has been mobilized by the Euro-Mediterranean energy pact with a number of partnerships with the key. A pact underpinned by the implementation of the Mediterranean Solar Plan: 20 gigawatts (GW) of renewable electricity should break ground in 2020 in the south and east of the area. Of these 20 GW, five will be exported to Europe.
This very ambitious program is itself related to the project Medgrid, which now has 22 associates and partners.This is the grid trans synonymous with development of interconnections between the riparian countries, to strengthen security of supply and profitability of the southern Mediterranean project of electricity generation.
Eventually, 5 to 6 billion euros of investments are planned in the electricity transmission infrastructure. Via unit works with a value between 500 million and 1 billion euros. Because the numbers speak for themselves: the predictions of experts predict an increase of 7% per year of electricity demand by 2025 in southern and eastern Mediterranean, while nine million people there today have no access.
"We are dealing with a double fracture energy, one between the northern and southern Mediterranean, the other between countries faxless pay day loans.The countries of the European Union bordering the Mediterranean have limited fossil resources, but ownership of two-thirds of the energy that is consumed, says Michel Derdevet, lecturer at the Institute of Political Studies Paris. Conversely, developing countries have substantially lower requirements but growing very fast. "
Arab Spring
To what extent can we overcome these divisions? For André Merlin, the executive chairman of Medgrid, the project set up to respond precisely the logic of co-development (see interview below). It is intended also closely complements the massive program Desertec – tens of billions of dollars dedicated to the development of the solar industry in the South.Whether the latest geopolitical events have come to upset the schedule Medgrid, André Merlin responds bluntly: "No, although this spring has somewhat disrupted the plans of development of electricity infrastructure."
For the leader of Medgrid, "there is great need on the part of those countries to develop alternative sources to oil and gas to generate electricity, the countries that have no such resources and become less dependent on imported hydrocarbons and those who have such resources and reserves in the world market much more profitable. "
Otis, Crossroads Market, Carrard Services … These three companies have one thing in common: they face these days in a strike of their employees who claim to be better working conditions or wage increases, sometimes both. How original you might say, to see employees' strike "because they are dissatisfied? Not much except that the term "strike" was historically a very different meaning.
The word "strike" originated on the "Place de Greve," the name given to the middle of the twelfth century to the scope in front of City Hall of Paris. It was a beach of sand and gravel which stows the goods (wood, wheat, hay, wine …) arrived by the Seine and ended up where, each morning at dawn, workers without work seeking employers for the day.This "Place de Grève" was then a scholarship to work and place of employment for the unemployed. In short, an employment center before time …
This concentration of workers who were not working but looking for a job … was called "strikers." Hence the emergence then of "strike" which means "look for a job." A sense diametrically opposite to that of today …
The good news on growth, announced Thursday night by François Fillon and Christine Lagarde, has been confirmed on Friday morning. The business grew by 1% over the first three months of the year, INSEE said on Friday. This figure far exceeds expectations, provides a growth of about 2% over the year, according to government projections.
"To temper the enthusiasm," says Jean-Paul Betbèze, head of research at Credit Agricole, "the second quarter will be lower with the repercussions of rising oil prices." Soaring gasoline prices could indeed stopping the household budget, which would reduce their consumption accordingly. And the good first quarter figures hide some reasons to remain cautious for the remainder of the year.
The French consume more
Household consumption accelerated slightly, to +0.6% against +0.4% in the last three months of 2010.Positive: Spending on services rebounded sharply (+0.7% -0.1%). On the other hand, "the consumption of manufactured goods remained strong (+0.8% after +0.9%), despite the slowdown in auto purchases," notes INSEE. Downside: Some consumer spending due to the recent effects of scrapping. In addition, "household investment declined (-0.3%) which tends to give credence to the theory of a cold snap in the housing market," said Alexander Law, chief economist at Xerfi.
Plants accelerate the pace
Industrial production has accelerated markedly (+1.6% after +0.3%). Positive: "Manufacturing is the largest of the last thirty years" (+3.4% after +0.7%), INSEE said.Downside: This excellent figure is explained in large part by a catch-up effect that will not happen again in the coming months, namely "the rebound in production of refined products, after the social movements at the end of last year" ( +24.7% -17.6% after), says the National Institute of Statistics.
Investment recovery
One positive growth in business investment has more than doubled, from 0.5% at end 2010 to 1.1% in early 2011. Leave government investment also increased (+1%, after -1.4%). Downside: It is, as regards public investment, a catch-up effect, with the revival of construction sites encumbered by bad weather in late 2010.From the public side, "while corporate loans are modest, the resumption of investment suggests a deterioration of the financial capacity of companies," Natixis analysis.
Growth Stocks
Replenishment of stocks by enterprises: it has contributed 70% growth, down 0.3 points after the end of 2010. One positive trend should continue in the coming months, according to economists at BNP Paribas. Negative point: The reconstitution of stocks by companies, boosting imports, widening the trade deficit French.
Foreign trade still lags behind
Positive: exports have accelerated (+1.4% after +0.3%). Downside: Imports grew even faster in value (+2.7% after -0.7%) due to higher oil bill in France due to soaring prices.Result, "the trade balance deteriorates and contributes 0.4 points to changes in activity (after +0.3 point), according to Insee.
ALSO READ:
"France has experienced strong quarterly growth
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) wants cautious. While the Portuguese prime minister resigned, Jose Socrates, said Tuesday night that sealed a "good agreement" with the delegations of the European Union and the International Monetary Fund, the international organization said that the opposition has yet to agree .
In fact, using 78 billion over three years granted by the tandem European Union and IMF is not without consideration. In exchange for this support, the EU and the IMF require an "adjustment program" consisting of austerity measures "ambitious" and structural reforms involving the major parties beyond the next parliamentary elections of June 5 The agreement with the current Prime Minister has resigned is not enough. It will be supported by the main opposition parties.A spokesman for the IMF confirmed yesterday it had signed a technical agreement with the Portuguese government on a comprehensive economic agenda also said: "We said from the beginning that it is important that any program can receive a broader support of parties and we will continue our discussions with opposition parties to achieve it. "
Portuguese Prime Minister had announced earlier in the evening the conclusion of an agreement to support a $ 78 billion over three years. José Socrates had indicated that his country is committed to gradually reduce the deficit to 5.9% of GDP this year, 4.5% in 2012 and 3% in 2013. Portugal had previously committed to reduce its deficit to 4.6% this year to 3% in 2012 and 2% in 2013. The imbalance of Portuguese public accounts in 2010 amounted to 9.1% of GDP, well beyond the target of 7.3% from the government.But he said he could not reveal "a lot of details" on measures that Portugal will commit to implement in exchange for this budget, because they must still be "consultation "with opposition parties.
ALSO READ:
"Portugal gets aid from 78 billion over three years
"Portugal: Socrates repudiated, financial aid looms
"Portugal refuses financial aid IMF-EU
The CAC 40 continues on the path of this increase jeudi.Les early trade on start up from 0.68% to 4095.42 points. As in Asia, Paris markets in turn react positively to the long-awaited announcement of the Fed on U.S. rates. The latter decided to pousuivre monetary policy accommodative for a prolonged period. Following these findings, Wall Street has ended sharply higher on Wednesday and the Nasdaq hit its highest level in ten years.
On other European markets, the upward trend is also valid. The London Stock Exchange has opened up 0.32% to 6087.6 points. For its part, the DAX index of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange gained 0.62% to 7450.57 points.
But investors remain wary.Several key statistics are expected across the Atlantic on Thursday, beginning with the first estimate of first quarter GDP and weekly jobless claims (1430). The promises of sales in March are also expected (16 hours). The ball quarterly publications will also be given to: Procter & Gamble, Microsoft, Expedia and Colgate Palmolive are scheduled.
Side currency, the euro climbed sharply against the dollar since the Fed announcement. The single currency traded 1.4862 dollar. On oil markets, a barrel of light sweet crude for June delivery gained 61 cents to 113.37 dollars while that of Brent North Sea also June delivery increased 62 cents to 125.75 dollars.
Rafale PUBLICATION IN
As for French companies, investors will also have enough to do:
Saffron: 3.80% to 24.99 euros (largest increase in the SBF 120)
The group announced on Thursday a rise in its quarterly revenue exceeding its target for the year, driven by activities of aerial and optronics, and reaffirmed its forecast for 2011 and its confidence for the following years.
Eramet: 0.43% to 270.45 euros
The mining group has achieved a turnover of 973 million euros in the first quarter, up 23%, thanks to increases of 35% nickel and 30% in alloys.Its operating income should be at least semi-equal to the corresponding period of 2010 excluding special items, after a surge in sales in the first quarter.
Gemalto: -0.37% to 34.93 euros
World number one smart card noted in the first quarter up 17% of its sales to 444 million euros a year, driven by its main activities. It confirms its outlook for fiscal 2011.
Technip: -2.65% to 74.81 euros
The specialist oil and gas equipment announced better than expected margins in the first quarter and confirmed its overall outlook for 2011. He always aims for this year a turnover of approximately 6,500 to 6.7 billion euros against 6.082 billion in 2010.
Sanofi-Aventis: +0.15% to 53.34 euros
The group released on Thursday quarterly earnings affected by competition from generics, but slightly better than expected and announced that its annual results would be reviewed during the semester. In late March, the turnover came out down 1.5% to 7.78 billion euros, generics that cost him 569 million euros in turnover over the first quarter of 2010.
Suez Environnement: 3.15% to 15.39 euros (largest increase in the ACC)
The group has published performance increase in the first quarter thanks to strong growth internationally, and has confirmed all its targets for the period 2011-2013.The turnover reached 3.514 billion euros in the first quarter, registering an increase of 14.3% (+13.5% at constant exchange rates), while EBITDA was $ 592 million, an increase of 28.6% (+25.6% at constant exchange rates).
Imerys: -0.32% to 52.50 euros
The group announced on Thursday a net improvement in its quarterly results, benefiting in particular the improvement of the construction market in France, said he expected an improvement in its performance throughout the year. Imerys has improved its operating margin by 1.9 points to 13.2% and increased its turnover by 13.7% at constant exchange rates to 882.7 million euros in the first quarter.
PPR: 1.94% to 120.75 euros
The group saw sales jump 26% in luxury in the first quarter, boosted by a dynamic Asian still as powerful and a brilliant performance in the United States.
Gameloft: 4.80% to 4.80 euros
The group announced a 20% growth of its turnover in the first quarter of 2011 to 39,500,000 euros. The company anticipates a year again growing at its turnover and profitability.
NextRadioTV: 0.32% to 15.70 euros
The media group has announced a turnover up 14% to 35 million euros, 15.7 million (+15%) for its flagship radio and 10.2 million for its TV division (+25%) . He announces "positive outlook for the first half of 2011."
Technicolor: -2.10% to 5.12 euros
The group announced on Thursday a rise of 15.4% of its turnover to 812 million euros in first quarter (+16.2% at constant exchange rates) and confirmed its targets 2011.
Always on the side of publications, after market, Saint-Gobain, Sechilienne-Sidec, Crit and Vinci will unveil their turnover in the first quarter.Compagnie des Alpes will unveil its second quarter revenues. The results of the first quarter of Sequana, Saft, and Bongrain are also expected.
Eurotunnel, Danone and Plastic Omnium will hold their general meetings respectively 10:15, 14:30 and 17 hours.
Ipsos confirms its objectives
Ingenico: -0.23% to 32.72 euros
The group raised its growth target for 2011. It is now targeting sales at constant scope and exchange rates, greater than or equal to 985 million euros, while it had announced a target located between 965 and 985 million euros.
Ipsos: 0.33% to 35.48 euros
The group confirmed its targets for 2011 after recording an increase of 6.2% of its turnover in the first quarter despite the continuing fall in the market for public education in Britain.
Klépierre: -0.39% to 27.04 euros
The group announced a slight increase in rents in the first quarter, thanks to its shopping centers, despite a slowdown in consumption in Europe.
Unibail-Rodamco: 0.97% to 156.56 euros
The group has appointed Christophe Cuvillier, former CEO of FNAC and Conforama, the Executive Group property as "General Manager Operations."He replaces Michel Dessolain, board member since 2007, appointed Director General of the strategy.
New field for Total
Total: 0.85% to 42.95 euros
The oil discovered in south-eastern Bolivia a major gas field that could initially produce up to 6.5 million m3 per day.
Bioalliance Pharma: 1.49% to 6.14 euros
The group has announced an expansion in Germany and Spain for its Phase II clinical trial of clonidine Lauriad in patients with cancer of the head and neck.
The CFE-CGC does not disarm. The plant managers could not veto the recent agreement on supplementary pensions, failing to persuade two other unions. So she decided to sue or riders to the 1947 Convention establishing Agirc, which translate this agreement or the ministerial orders that will extend (the process would then proceed to the State Council).
The CFE-CGC is indeed very bad agreement for executives. It denies such a cap on family benefits (1000 euro annual "bonus" of up to three children), while contributions are not capped. According to the CFE-CGC, this device violates the founding convention of 1947.
The union sees this text signed by all social partners at the time exceed the following agreements, as the Constitution is above the law.If the court confirmed this analysis, the impact on the future of supplemental plans are uncertain. The CFE-CGC think we should negotiate a new agreement.
It is ultimately the American General Mills will acquire Yoplait. Reportedly, the U.S. group will take 51% stake in the dairy group valuing it at 1.6 billion euros.
Several groups including Chinese, Mexican, Japanese, Dutch cooperative as well as Swiss and American giants have become interested in the sale of the participation of the investment fund PAI (50%) in Yoplait. COPERS Sodiaal also sells 1% of its share s and remains a shareholder at 49%.
Yoplait is the second global brand behind Danone fresh dairy products. Launched in 1965, thirty-six years after Danone, a brand created by the cooperative Sodima, ancestor of Sodiaal, succeeded his breakthrough on the French market, at once aggressive and commercial innovations. First brand to launch in cardboard containers, Yoplait yogurt invented the fruit and yogurt drink.